It is carried out numerical modelling characteristics extreme hydrological events, extremely high floods (on the Danube river example) and fluctuation temporal trends of changing nitrates concentrations in 14 catchments in 5 regions of the Small Carpathians on the basis of the new approach combining the multi-factor systems approach and multi-fractal formalism. It is discovered the phenomenon of genesis of the fractal dimensions.
The processes of mineral nitrogen compounds transformation are rewieved with considering of complex wastewater composition, that are entered in treatment plant, and parallel passing of nitrification and denitrification reactions. The analysis and quantitative estimation of this processes in B-Dnestrovskyy’s treatment plant are taken.
In the article the estimation and groupings administrative areas of the Chernigov Region on wood recreation activity of the population and sanitary – ecological condition of woods are carried out. On the basis of comparison of the given parameters the directions of optimization of wood recreation are outlined.
The basic ecological and hygienical aspects of problems appearing in the process of mineral fertilizers’ and corn’s shifting in Ukrainian seaports are exposed. The variants of technical and technological means and organization’s measures are offered to decrease degree of pollutants’ influence on environment.
Methods of non-linear stochastic analysis and chaos theory are applied to studying stochastic aspects and manifestation of the chaos elements in the temporal sets of the pollution substances (nitrates) concentrations in water basins of Small Carpathian.
For to provide stable and ecologically safe development of the economy of Ukraine, the systematic approach is necessary. This approach should be based on analysis and research in economic-ecological system, the development of which should reflect and be based on the strategy of the state innovative policy.
The complex verbal dynamic model of functioning of production enterprise is presented as basis for raising the task of dynamic optimization of the synchronic planning by a production, investment–innovative and financial activity of industrial enterprise.
The results of many years’ experimental supervisions of the hydrometeorological mode of the irrigated fields of vegetable cultures are analyzed. Influencing of irrigation on a temperature condition and mode of consumption of moisture is appraised by the plants.
The results of complex analysis of the atmospheric conditions in periods of strong floods on Danube are considered. The well-known numeric characteristics and method of a synoptic analysis were used for description of atmospheric processes of different spatial and temporal scale, which lead to strong rainfalls in Danube’s region. These characteristics can be used in operative practice of prognoses.
The basic features of statistical structure of the fields of the 500 gPa izobaric surfaces in the Western sector of the South hemisphere are exposed. The main components of these fields are received. Shown features of time changeability of large-scale component of circulation processes in the atmosphere in the second half of the ХХ century. Procedure of filtration of time series of main components have realized. The certain statistically components in the time series of main components have hidden.
Method allows to indentify correlation between atmospheric fronts and blocking. This approach is based on joint use of the blocking, HIX humidity index and componential analysis results.
The characteristics of temporal variability of current velocity and turbidity in Bystry branch has given. The quantitative estimation of short-term water runoff redistribution caused by wind denivellations has given for the first time. Recommendations concerning improvement of the received hydrological information has been developed.
In article results (with the use of 2007 ) of verification of the model, which was offered by authors, of the watersalt regime of Kitay Lake, are given.
A scientifically-methodical base is examined for setting of norms of descriptions of maximal river flow, which leans against structural equalization of by volume type.
Conditions of formation of Verxnyaya Kolima rivers low flow in different genetic periods are considered. Components of the ground inflow into rivers in area of ever frost for different links of hydrographic network are separated.
Formula for calculation of channel travel speeds during the seldom recurrence rain flood period in the north European area of Russia was developed. The basis this of equation is the dependence between the channel travel speeds, square of columbine and river slope. Numerical values of empirical hydraulic parameters of this formula are proved by observation data from 216 hydrometric stations.
A calculation scheme is offered for establishment of dates of beginning and passing the maximal charges (levels) of spring flood on the basins of flat territory of Ukraine by the receipt of complex connections of these dates with a geographical latitude and sizes of the basins.
In the article the mathematical model of permanent turbulent diffusion of hanging matter up comfortable for implementation of calculations on the personal computers in the tabular editor of Excel is offered. A model is developed at the flat (for vertical lines and horizontal lines) and spatial raising of task. Recommendations for implementation of engineering calculations, and also formulas, are resulted for verification of rightness of these calculations.
The work presents an analysis of the monthly oceanographic surveys performed during the period of 1996-98 on the Polygon, situated near the west coast of Mexico. Based on the results of these surveys, monthly average temperature and salinity profiles were calculated. There was noticed that the profiles for summer-fall period of the 1997 and for the winter period of 1998, were very different from the same period profiles for the year 1996. It was caused by the transfer of huge amounts of water with higher temperature and lower salinity, and with T,S characteristics of the Pacific Tropical Surface Water and Pacific Equatorial Surface Water into the Polygon area. By the January 1998, these water masses had filled the whole 80m layer. An increase of 150m heat storage from 10.1 to 15.3 GJ/m^2, in comparison to its January 1996 level, was also registered. The processes that caused temperature anomalies (SST) in B region of the Pacific Ocean (4°N-4°S; 90°W-150°W), were one month ahead of the processes of temperature increase and salinity lowering.
The quantitative estimation of the impact from three large scale interannual atmosphere-ocean circulation systems, namely the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), El-Nino South Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), to spatial-temporal variability of air surface temperature (AST) and surface pressure (SP) in the Mediterranean-Black sea region has been obtained. It was confirmed that the spatial-temporal variability of the first two empirical modes of AST and SP during the autumn-winter season is affected by the NAO. The ENSO is mainly pronounced in the second AST EOF mode in July-August and November-December. The joint influence of all three oscillations is most remarkable during January-February. During those months the NAO, ENSO and IOD contribute about 60% in the total temperature dispersion and more than 40% in the total pressure dispersion.
Using recent oceanographic database, monthly and annual geostrophic Gulf Stream transports for 1950 – 2004 have been calculated and analysed. Positive linear trend (significant at 90-95% confidence level) of average monthly charges of Gulf Stream is received. It is manifested in trend of annual transport too (increasing of annual transport is 13 Sv for indicated period). The statistical forecast of Gulf Stream transport for 2005-2015 has been done. It is predicted that the Gulf Stream transport will decrease between 2005 and- 2015 by ~7 Sv.
The statistical method of the estimation sea-bottom deformation is offered. Integral estimation of the budget is given according to results erosion of bottom and alluviums precipitating. The areas of most intensive accumulation in marine channel, the critical communicating depths are exposed and appraised.
Using information which were presented by visual satellite data’s, which consist mid twenty four hours thermal fields of surface waters of Black Sea, we have formed monthly water circulation diagram and give analyses of its annual variables. Exposed vorticial structure of total cyclonical water circulation, using seasonal removal of the flow RС (Rim Current) we have defined total scale of vorticial structure, and sometimes we even defined volume of its horizontal removal and capable of living time. We have found general slope limit among dynamical structure of western and eastern parts of the sea.
The dynamics of signal transmission through the 1D chain of beads with quasielastic contacts has been studied numerically. The influence of initial conditions and structure organization on the nonlinear dispersion has been outlined. We discuss the influence of the internal ordering on the type of possible nonlinear dispersion of a lattice excitations.
It is proposed a generalized carbon global cycle model, allowing to reproduce a season dynamics of carbon cycle in an ocean with account for the zone ocean structure, a dependence of the СО2 transfer through the atmosphere-ocean boundary upon temperature of the water and air, wind velocity, and also the buffer mechanism of the СО2 dissolution and biotical activity contribution.
It is proposed a new approach to calculating а correction due to the vacuum polarization by nucleus field in the Coulomb systems, including heavy and superheavy finite fermi-systems. New approach is naturally included to а general formalism of QED perturbation theory with using gauge-invariant basises of relativistic bi-spinors in the zeroth order.
A dynamics of the multi-layers neural networks on the basis of photon echo is studied. The results of the computer experiments on dynamics of neural networks with input rectangular pulse are presented.
The main idea of reserved areas is to retain and to restore natural ecosystem. For this target, the development of recreational activities and ecotourism can be an additional source of income. However, it should be scientifically regulated. Presently, there are some approaches for establishment of maximum recreational load values. But all of them are based on characteristics of natural systems state and do not consider such parameters as functional zoning of reserved areas, kind of tour, target of presence, scale of age and time of year, which, in our opinion, can be used for optimization of recreational load in reserved areas. A system for this aim is developed in the article.
The main meteorological predictors, which influence on dispersion of emissions of polluting substances in atmospheric air, were pick out. Mathematical models for forecasting concentration of sulfur dioxide in atmospheric air of Donetsk on a method of plural regress were developed. The analysis of errors influence of definition of a wind speed, temperatures and humidity of air on reliability of forecasting of concentration of sulfur dioxide was done.
One of the strategic management methods adaptation – SWOT-analysis – is presented as its applying to the environmental aspects of city’s system functioning. Determination of SWOT-analysis matrix field factors is given, and urban environmental blocks-descriptions of it’s selection are presented.
The retrospective estimation of socially-ecological and ecological systems of a seaside city is carried out. The system of criteria of an estimation of ecological safety is generated.
The strategic analysis of the system of treatment of solid municipal wastes in the Odessa agglomeration, which provides possibility of achieving the level of «zero wastes», was conducted. Potential of its internal transformations and limitations of strategic development are determined.
The onrush of the international tourism enabled this field to take well-deserved place among leading three key industries of the world economy. Ukraine’s contribution is rather modest despite its significant tourist resources potential. The main problem is a low quality of the tourist product: the infrastructure of the tourism is not developed enough, the rendered tourist services do not correspond to the international requirement;, the State policy in the field of tourism is imperfect. A purposeful and systematic activity in development of the international relationships in tourism and its Euro integral course – what could be the powerful mechanism for creation of the favourable environment for tourism development, effective utilization of the tourist resources, promotion of the national tourist product on the world market, development of the national economy and culture.
In the article the conceptual economic bases of market economy are analyses
The aspects of ecology-economic controlling formation as a part of the system, reflecting comprehensively organization activity is being researched.
The level of development of small and middle business is considered. Their for the economy of country value is exposed. Factors influencing on the standard of prices are set. The model of mechanism of prices forming is developed for development of small and middle business.
The necessity of introduction of environmental labelling is analysed and proved; the advantages of use of an environmental labelling mark to the domestic enterprises are revealed; the prospects of use of environmental labelling are considered.
In this article the brief analysis of a problem and a payment for the ground in Ukraine nowadays is given, offers with the purpose of stimulation of its rational use and protection, increase of productivity, alignment of social and economic conditions of managing on the grounds of various qualities are given. The size of ground taxes should not depend on results of economic activities on it, and be established in the form of constant payments from unit of the area counting upon a year.
The problems of the economic-ecological systems design are considered, the variants of vagueness level decline are presented, the informational scheme of the economic-ecological system is developed, the dependence of a problem situation solution process efficiency on a human factor is found out.
The important aspect of new function development in Ukrain tax department is attempted to consider. They are – еmployer’s process of small enterprise analysis, analysis function progress, expediency of economic analysis use.
Development of the plant is considered as process of realization programmed in genome changes functional and morphogenetic activity. Development is determined by conditions of an environment.
Quantitative precipitation forecasts are diagnosed and systematic model errors of precipitation over the North Atlantic and European continent are eval ated in he MM5v3.7 model. Quantitative estim tes are based on a u t a comparison of model fields against ERA40 reanalysis data. It is shown that the model redistributes water vapor from the middle and upper atmosphere toward the boundary layer. The maximum of the systematic humidity error in the vertical direction is located at the 850 hPa. The model overestimates precipitation, particularly convective form, over the warm ocean surface. Also, the model redistributes water from large scale to convective precipitation within a stationary or slow depression in the high latitudes over the ocean. The phase error is a typical phenomenon in the regions of the heavy and moderate precipitation rates. The set of parameterization schemes earlier defined as an optimal for major forecast variables in extratropics during the winter season has found a conformation for precipitation forecasts as well.
(part I)
In-situ observations and mesoscale analysis on the structure of vorticity related to an atmospheric front.
Based on dropsounding data, structure of a vortex field within a frontal zone belonging to the atmospheric boundary layer is considered. It is shown on the level of quality consent that the character of isentropic motion in the horizontal and vertical planes reflects the specialties of cinematic structure of the wind field within an atmospheric front.
The concrete rough dynamic system of biological time of plants is built. The structure of the biological temporal field is examined. Part of structural organization of the field describes activity of meristematical fabric of cone of plant growth. On the whole, the biological temporal field corresponds to organization of morphological processes of plant.
Agrometeorological conditions of potato crop formation in Lvov were studied, the main reasons of its crop reduction were set. The potato crop statistical dependenсеt on various agrometeorological indices were devloped wha enable опе to make supposed crop yield prognosis with the to lead time of 1 – 1,5 months.
DANOVA T.E.
Radiolocation descriptions of the nightly thunderstorms in the region of coast of black sea, discovered and localized them by the developed criterion, are explored: Yλ10max. Statistical descriptions of basic parameters of radioeha are definite. Classification of nightly thunderstorms on structural-morphological signs is conducted, direction and speed of moving of cloudy cells are exposed.
Results of neural network modeling of r. Salgir –s. Simferopol’s lifeconditioned runoff in the conditions of water fencefrom local water resources for supply the populations of water are presented.
The brief description of emergency situation, which happened on September, 17, 2003 on the river Latoritsya, is described in the article, and the calculation of wash-out of oil hydrocarbons is executed.
As a result of the analysis of the given measurements of the expense on three posts of river Stryi, harmonious and constant components were allocated. By means of various methods, in all three numbers of supervision similar harmonics on duration are revealed. On the basis of a method SSA-“caterpillar” the forecast of a drain of river Stryi becomes.
In this work there were analyzed conformities of temporal and spatial variations of annual runoff in Dnepr basin and basic indices of climatic changes such as annual precipitation and atmospheric temperature. There was implemented a comparative estimation of temporal changes of basic climatic factors and annual runoff.
The question of prognosis of dates of appearance of the ice phenomena with the use of discrimination function is considered. A river Dnestr is a research object. The results of researches confirm expedience of application of discriminantnoi function in shortterm prognoses.
Regionalization of Severskiy Donets basin with synchronous fluctuation was performed. There were determined that the Donetsk mountain-ridge has own character of fluctuation.
The modern state of the Danube region, its influence on ecosystem of north-western part of the Black sea is analyzed. The most substantial types of contaminations are selected. Ranging of sources of contamination of Danube, and Black sea is conducted.
Verification of the Princeton Ocean Model in framework of the estimation of the spatial hydrodynamical characteristics variability in the northwest shelf of Black Sea have been carried out by the diagnostic modelling calculations with using termochaline characteristics obtained by UkrSCES for 1990-2005.
The influence of the wave layer effects on the season variations of the thermodynamical parameters of the upper mixed layer was investigated. The method of numerical simulation was applied.
The results of calculation of the excited states for ethylene molecule on the basis of modificated equations of motion method with an effective account of important polarization effects (including 2р-2h interactions) are presented.
A dynamics of the multi-layers neural networks on the basis of photon echo is studied. The results of the computer experiments on dynamics of neural networks with input rectangular pulse are presented.
The method of non-linear forecast is applied to the remporal raws of concentrations of the dioxide of nitrogen and sulphur angidride on two points of the Gdans’k region. The Lyapunov dimensons spectrum is reconstructed and on its basis there are calculated the Kalane-York dimensions and Kolmogorov entropy, which is reversely proportional to a limit of the prediction. It is shown that already simple method for the model construction provides the satisfactory results of the forecast.
New approach to calculation of relativistic corrections to energy parameters of diatomics, based on the A.Glushkov ab initio perturbation theory with model zeroth approximation and effective account of the correlation effects, is applied to calculation of the parameters for alkali dimmers.
Dynamical chaos in Rb atom in the highly-excited state in the external low-frequency electromagnetic field is studied within consistent non-perturbative quantum-mechanical approach -quasistationary quasienergy states method. The quantitative analysis of the quantum fluctuations, stabilization and destabilization effects, the fractal properties availibility and the Kolmogorov-Arnol’d-Mozer theorem fulfilling is presented.