There were analyzed international advance of environmental risk estimation and present methods of risk estimation for Ukraine territory.
This article is based on analysis of dangerous exogenous processes on technological objects of different levels, making forecasts of appearing and spreading landslides and development of engineering-geological forecasting algorithm.
It’s organized comparison result of two independent studies. The executed analysis confirms the suggestion about role of soil lead concentration in of the children mental retardation in case they long time residing on polluted territory. It is revealed that dependency of intellectual development level from level of the soil lead contamination is well existed by children of the preschool age while on children in school age mental development the social factors render greater influence.
Development of tourist activity in the biosphere preserves of Ukraine is explored. The prognosis and actual values of development of tourist activity and percent of coverage of charges on nature protection activity of biosphere preserves due to recreation are resulted.
The basic tendencies of development of cities of municipal management are considered, the system of economic-ecological indicators is offered, offers on ecologization municipal management are developed.
In this article development of small and middle business is examined in a marine off-shore area. Influences are analysed on a natural environment, in particular on the aquatorium of the Black sea, from the different types of activity. Basic directions ecologically of safe development of small and middle business are exposed on off-shore territory.
In article the institutional-economic strategy of development of sea transport eco-policy on the basis of the theory of economic-ecological institutionalism is presented. Concrete recommendations about the greening of the transport policy of the Black Sea region in a context of the European integration are given.
It is considered, that process of photosynthesis in a leaf is subdivided into two stages – diffusion of molecules CO2 from air to the centers of carboxylation in a cell and a biochemical cycle of photosynthesis in chlorоplasts. Influence of factors of an environment on photosynthesis of a leaf is estimated.
Regional features of Ukrainian temperature changes in 2011-2025 are analyzed using GFDL’s model calculations by scenarios A1B, A2, B1. The analysis is carried out by means of complex index, which allows abnormal distributions of thermal conditions during certain seasons and whole year. It is shown that the thermal conditions undergo the largest changes for the “moderate” scenario A1B, and the distribution of temperature in Ukraine will be most homogeneous for the “soft” scenario B1.
In the work, changes in mean month air temperature for 12 months of the period from 1951 till 2000 years were studied on the territory of left-bank Ukraine. Changes in mean month air temperature according to climate standard rate (1961 – 1990 years) were analyzed.
Conformities to the law of influencing of agroklimaticheskih terms on the dynamics of forming of increases of different levels of productivity of millet are set.
In work the results of numeral experiments are resulted and quantitative estimation of influencing of different terms of sowing on intensity of photosynthetic activity of plants of culture of sugar beet in the basic natural – climatic areas of Ukraine is given: Polese, Forest-steppe, South and North steppe.
Influence of various terms of sowing on growth and development of the leave area, as on one of the main parameters of beans weight formation is considered.
The model of formation of agriclimatically justified yields of leading agricultural crops of Ukraine was described. For agriclimatic microdistricts and subdistricts that have been determined by the author before, resources of light, heat and moisture concerning groups of agricultural crops were specified. Calculations of agriclimatically ensured yields for winter wheat, spring barley, maize, sunflower, sugar beet and potatoes were made.
The results of numeral experiments of modeling of process of forming of agroecological level of potential productivity of winter wheat in the Odessa region are presented.
Influence of environment factors on processes of photosynthesis, breath, growth of winter wheat is modeled. Growth of the main thing and lateral shoots is considered.
Energy behaviour of anticyclone associated with intense convective phenomena is studied by using Euler formulation. It is shown that various energy contents and conversions of one energy to another increase toward the maximal development stage of pressure system. In this stage, the eddy energy contents rise and zonal mean ones fall.
It is shown by carrying out the numerical experiment that it is possible for solitary waves to generate wind field giving rise to vortex circulations with quasihorizontal axes. It is defined that the location of air-mass convective precipitation at the eastern periphery of the blocking anticyclone coincides with their position. The properties of the derived vortex structures are investigated.
It is considered the cases of forming of periods with the anomaly high temperatures of air in a warm period of year on territory of Ukraine in the conditions of the little gradient fields of the promoted pressure on an example July 2007.
The success estimation to use the well-known shortradiation flows parameterizations and also the Smagorinsky’s method to calculated a cloud ball over the ocean surface in limits of the one-dimensional numerical atmosphere boundary layer model over the ocean, was represented. So the special observed data archive, received during the First Global Whether Experiment (1978-1979), has used.
On the basis of methods of multidimensional statistical analyses (integral and factor) a statistical analysis of the series of maximum runoff for spring high water on the rivers of Ukraine is conducted. Flow records from 230 stations of hydrological network of Ukraine formed the basis for statistical analysis of maximum discharges and runoff depths of spring high water.
The results of a complex estimation of influence of a wood on size of the maximal runoff of floods on the rivers of Zakarpatye are resulted.
The settlement meanings of the characteristics of slope inflow are received during a spring high water on the rivers of a Podolsk height. The estimation of influence of the local factors on of slope inflow and generalization of this parameter on territory is executed.
Potential opportunity of the ecological condition of the Danube delta is estimated. The main reason for this work is natural recourses using under ecological protection and anthropogenic influence minimization. As for marine water ecosystem the problem of silting of so called bar’s zone and shallow water was being analyzing and the priority of natural factor such as high water level in a flood period was established.
In the article the analysis of lacks of structural base of the normative document SNuP 2.01.14-83 is given.
The anthropogenic impact on the marine environment is proposed to determine by content of oil products (indicator rate) in bottom sediments (characteristic object) as a result of determination of various critical components in samples of sea water and sediment from the area of the island Zmeiny and ports Reni and Yuzhny by different methods.
The analysis of metrological system of parameters measurements of the sea environment quality has been executed within the framework of realization of the state sea ecological monitoring. The basic questions of the traceability, uncertainty and error of measurements are considered.
Invariance of stabilization diaquafluorosilicate by 18-crown-6 and synthesis of a complex pentafluorosilicate of hydroxonium with cis-syn-cis isomer dicyclohehane-18-crown-6 at interaction of crown-ethers with solutions of dioxide of silicon in fluorhydric acid reveal dominant influence of a spatial constitution of crown-ethers on an expedient of a complexing.
The method of non-linear forecast is applied to the time series of concentrations of the dust on two sites of the Odessa region. The Lyapunov dimensions spectrum is reconstructed and on its basis there are calculated the Kaplan-York dimensions and Kolmogorov entropy, which is reversely proportional to a limit of the prediction. It is shown that already simple method for the model construction provides the satisfactory results of the forecast.
The interaction of crown-ethers with HN-protondonor molecules obtained crystalline molecular complexes “host-guest” and found, that depending on linear dimensions and method of steric masking of active centres HN-protondonor molecules various structures crown-ethers can be combined in complexes.
The structure of protonodonor moleculas stabilized in crystalline complexes by crown-ethers from equilibrium water solutions of fluorides of boron, silicon, germanium, tin, is determined by a structure of crown-ethers.
It is developed a stochastic model to description of dynamics of the spatial-temporal plankton structures and fish streams, which are eaten by plankton, within a new approach to modelling water-bioresources systems combining the multi-factor systems approach, stochastic differential equations and multi-fractal formalism.
In result of chemical-analytical research it has been established that content of normalized componentstoxicants in water some of Black Sea ports is not higher than their maximum permissible concentration but corresponding ground sediments are highly polluted by cadmium, lead, phenols and oil products.
A problem of nutrient pollution of water bodies, especially small ones, linked with direct impact of the nutrients at the whole water ecosystem, was studied. The past and modern worldwide experience in the field of using constructed wetlands for effluent treatment and water bodies’ rehabilitation was analyzed. Main types of such constructions were defined and their purification efficiency was assessed.
In the article the new method of calculation of MPU is offered to the groups of unconservative contaminants with the effect of common action. A sequence is resulted the implementations of calculations, given recommendations on verification of their rightness, an example is resulted. A method allows to expect MPU to the group of unconservative contaminants at any set of contaminants of this group in a background and in sewages, and also at any correlation of values of their concentration.
Collectоr properties of saponified offcuts of fish industry, soaps of liquid and saponified peat beeswax, in the complement of which enter also carboxyl-containing surfactants, are investigated. The basic technological parameters of flotation of Zinc are got. Nature of influence of concentration of Zinc and temperature of sewer water on the process of flotation is set. Supposition is outspoken about the mechanism of flotation of Zinc with the use of collectors which probed here.
The questions of environment protection , the rights and duties of the leaseholders regulated by the Forest Code 2006 are considered in this article. The analysis of historical experience of this and other forms of public-legal agreements is done. The suggestions are made how to use the concession relations in the forest industry as more effective from the protection of natural resources of Ukraine point of view.
The problem of discharge of ship’s ballast water is presented. Conception of biological invasion of exotic kinds in Black Sea ecosystem is expounded, the in-use mechanisms of prevention of negative influence of ship’s ballast on a marine environment are indicated. The analysis of efficiency of complex of management a ship ballast in Odessa port is conducted. Introduction of obligatory control of salinity of ballast water is offered with the purpose of control of implementation of requirement about replacement of ship’s ballast at sea by ship administration.
Methods of non-linear stochastic analysis and chaos theory are applied to studying stochastic aspects and manifestation of the chaos elements in the temporal sets of the pollution substances (sulphates) concentrations in water basins of Small Carpathian.
The author examines a question of essence and functions of ecological insurance; analyse problems and perspective for the development of a Ukrainian insurance market. The methods of activation of ecological insurance and the mechanism for its effecting are proposed.
The author analyzes the staff and state of the tax in Ukraine; suggests the main directions to improve and simplify the payment of taxes to the budget. The author elucidates questions of preparing the Tax Code of Ukraine as a systematized legislative act committed to ensure a complex approach toward solving the urgent problems of tax law.
Consecutive resistance to molecules CO2 on a way of diffusion to a green leaf is considered. As the major regulator of process of diffusion the stomatol device of a leaf is considered which resistance is caused by factors of an environment.
The possibility of measuring radio-location descriptions of a tropical typhoon by means of a meteorological radio-locator with a double-threaded Archimedean spiral antenna and circular polarization is given consideration in the paper. It is shown that a progressing wave emitted by the antenna moves on the same spiral that an aquatic particle in a typhoon does. It allows not only to detect the beginning of a typhoon genesis, to continuously get radio-location information on the trends in its progress and movement data but also measure the speed of rotation of the typhoon spiral.
In work, on the basis of the analysis of a logistical curve of growth of plants communication between processes of current of biological time and gas exchange of plants is given. It is considered, that gas exchange of plants depends on set of factors of an environment. The numerical experiments, giving concrete values of communication of photosynthesis, breath and an axis of biological time are lead
With a help of the mathematical modeling a difference in the optimal values of FAR sums, air temperatures and damping characteristics for different vegetable cultures on agroclimatic areas of Ukraine are set. Complex estimation of agroclimatic recourses at growing of vegetable cultures and estimation of agroecological categories of yield productivity of egg-plants, cabbages, cucumbers, sweet peppers and tomatoes are made.
The results of numeral experiments as evaluated by influencing of droughty, moist and middle of long standing terms on development of population Colorado beetle and forming of productivity of potato as it applies to the terms of the Chernigov region. In the basis of numeral experiments the model of forming of productivity of potato and development of population Colorado beetle at different agrometeorological terms.
The model of the system that develops, its stages of development are offered.
By the one-dimensional model of the interacting atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers the spacio-temporal changes of the main meteorological and hydrological magnitudes, and also of the turbulent coefficient were reproduced for a year. The qualitative and quantitative analyze of the calculative results was made, with comparing with the fact data, which includes the visual analyze of the spacio-temporal sections and the analyze of the received statistical characters, reflecting the agreement between the fact and calculative magnitudes. Thanks to the long integral period the annual behaviors of the air and water temperature, the wind speed, the turbulent coefficient, the depth of the turbulent oceanic layer, the sea disturbance and the heat balance equation components were built.
In the article more perfect normative base upon the settlement of maximal flow on the example of pool Prip’yat is given.
Influence of water use of population on water resources of Ukraine under global climatic changes was evaluated by water-heat balance method and stochastic model of annual runoff.
The scientific – methodical recommendations concerning spatial generalization of the characteristics of spring flood runoff on an example of the rivers of a Podolsk height are given.
It is carried out numerical modelling fluctuate temporal trends for annual runoff (r. Danube) within a new method of description for the hydrological systems. The latter is based on the combining multi-factor systems approach and multi-fractal formalism. It is discovered the phenomenon of genesis of the fractal dimensions.
The advanced technique of a complex estimation of quality of superficial waters on corresponding categories is offered. As a result of carrying out of the comparative analysis of results of a complex estimation of quality of waters of Vinnitsa area on a condition for 2006 by the operating and advanced techniques lacks standard and advantages of the offered technique of an estimation of quality of superficial waters are found out and allocated.
The article is dedicated to the study of horizontal and vertical structure and interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at Drake Passage. According to the analyses of the archives data and numerous calculations the average volume transport through Drake Passage is 112 Sv, maximum 160.2 Sv, minimum 73.2 Sv. Besides that the slow permanent increase volume transport in twentieth century is shown.
The article presents levels of oil pollution of the sea area near Odessa conducted during years 2005–2007. These results are comparing with levels of the sea oil pollution in years 1988-1999. Seasonal changes of the oil pollution considered with season variables of hydrological parameters. The study showed the major role of dynamical factors of seawaters in the space area distribution of oil pollution of seawaters and bottom sediments.
The hydraulic model of the run-up phenomenon in the mouth area of a river is suggested in the research which makes it possible to get over the difficulty related to the “zero speed surface” and to consider delevelling and water surface slopes in a mouth area in the course of a three-phase run-up process.
It is considered a theory of the quasiparticle energy functional under non-zeroth temperatures τ and some its applications. A thermodynamical potential for multielectron system in external stationary field for given τ is defined by dynamics of effective Bose-condensate in atoms of physical space of electrons. Structure of this space is defined by the cell system of surfaces of zeroth flux for entropy pulse under availability of the zeroth current of the bose-condensate density.
It is proposed a new approach to calculating а correction due to the vacuum polarization by nucleus field in the Coulomb systems, including heavy and superheavy finite fermi-systems. New approach is naturally included to а general formalism of QED perturbation theory with using gauge-invariant basises of relativistic bi-spinors in the zeroth order.
It is proposed a new approach to calculating the Fermi function in beta decay theory, which bases on the QED perturbation theory with using gauge-invariant basises of relativistic functions.
It is proposed a generalized conservative differences scheme for task of propagating a laser pulse in a nonlinear medium.
A dynamics of the multi-layers neural networks on the basis of photon echo is studied. The results of the computer experiments for networks with input noised pulse are presented.