Introduction. Studies in the field of climate changes of the Earth and its regions are one of the main priorities for Earth science in recent years. Among numerous works on the “global warming” subject, the direction, in which close attention is paid to the study of mechanisms and causes of dynamics of quasistationary atmosphere action centers and atmospheric circulation indices, is recently formed.
Results. In the paper the features of the statistical structure of surface atmospheric pressure fields in the Northern Pacific are described for the period of 1957-2014. The seasonal dynamics of atmospheric activity centers such as Aleutian Depression and Honolulu High are studied. For systems of baric centers in the Pacific Ocean development of its characteristics in natural orthogonal functions are carried out. The principal components of the fields of atmospheric surface pressure are obtained and their statistical analysis is conducted. Using the Fourier transform method, statistically significant hidden periodicities are revealed in the time series of the principal components. By means of smoothing of time series of the principal components, long-term fluctuations and trends are determined.
The main particularities of the temperature fields structure were revealed in the region of events ENSO formation. The principal components of these fields were obtained. The statistically significant hidden periodicals in the time serieses of the main components were defined.
The basic features of statistical structure of the fields of the 850, 500 and 200 gPa izobaric surfaces in the South hemisphere are exposed. The main components of these fields obtained. The features of temporal changeability of large-scale component of the atmosphere circulation processes in the second half of the ХХ century are shown. The certain periodicals and trends components in the time series of main components have hidden.
The features of magnetic field of Earth revolted parameters influencing on forming of circulation processes in a stratosphere are shown . The meaningful periods of intercommunications between the main components surface AT – 50 geopotential heights fields, that characterize circulation processes in the stratosphere of western sector of south hemisphere and the geomagnetical indexes Dst and AE sentinel sequences are determined.
The basic features of statistical structure of the fields of the 100 and 50 gPa izobaric surfaces in the South hemisphere are exposed. The main components of these fields are received. The features of temporal changeability of large-scale component of circulation processes in atmosphere in the second half of the ХХ century are shown. The certain statistical characteristics in the time series of the main components have studied.
The basic features of statistical structure of the fields of the 500 gPa izobaric surfaces in the Western sector of the South hemisphere are exposed. The main components of these fields are received. Shown features of time changeability of large-scale component of circulation processes in the atmosphere in the second half of the ХХ century. Procedure of filtration of time series of main components have realized. The certain statistically components in the time series of main components have hidden.